Rujukan Mansa Musa

  1. ↑ Earthen magic and the Empire of Mali = Magia en tierra y el imperio de Mali. FISA. ISBN 9788493112417.
  2. ↑ Giri, Jacques (1983). Le Sahel demain : catastrophe ou renaissance ?. Kathala. m/s. 24. ISBN 978-2-86537-084-9.
  3. ↑ Knoblock, Kathleen, "An Interview with Ibn Battuta" Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, Primary Source Fluency Activities: World Cultures (In Sub-Saharan Africa), Shell Education, 2007. ISBN 978-1-4258-0102-1.
  4. ↑ Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325–1354 Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, by Ibn Battuta, London 2005, p. 324, ISBN 0-415-34473-5.
  5. ↑ Jansen, Jan (1998). "Hot Issues: The 1997 Kamabolon Ceremony in Kangaba (Mali)". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 31 (2): 253–278. doi:10.2307/221083. JSTOR 221083. |hdl-access= memerlukan |hdl= (bantuan) On page 256, Jan Jansen writes: "Mansa is generally translated as 'king,' 'ruler' or 'ancestor.' The Griaulians, however, often translate mansa as 'God,' 'the divine principle' or 'priest king,' although they never argue the choice for this translation, which has an enormous impact on their analysis of the Kamabolon ceremony."
  6. ↑ Macbrair, Robert Maxwell, A Grammar of the Mandingo Language: With Vocabularies Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, London, 1873, p. 5.
  7. ↑ Berkin, Carol, Christopher Miller, Robert Cherny, James Gormly & Douglas Egerton, Making America – A History of the United States Diarkibkan 2017-02-15 di Wayback Machine, 5th edition, Boston, 2011, p. 13. ISBN 978-0-618-47139-3.
  8. ↑ Thad Morgan, "This 14th-Century African Emperor Remains the Richest Person in History" Diarkibkan 2019-05-01 di Wayback Machine, History.com, March 19, 2018
  9. ↑ Zamosky, Lisa (2007-01-05). Mansa Musa: Leader of Mali (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Teacher Created Materials. ISBN 978-1-4333-9059-3.
  10. ↑ Levtzion 1963, halaman 341–347.
  11. ↑ Al-Umari 1927, Masalik al Absar fi Mamalik el-Amsar, French translation by Gaudefroy-Demombynes, Paris, Paul Geuthner, 1927, pp. 59, 74–75. See also Qalqashandi, Subh al-A'sha, V, 294.
  12. ↑ Pollard, Elizabeth (2015). Worlds Together Worlds Apart. New York: W.W. Norton Company Inc. m/s. 362. ISBN 978-0-393-91847-2.
  13. ↑ Wilks, Ivor (1997). "Wangara, Akan, and Portuguese in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries". Dalam Bakewell, Peter John (penyunting). Mines of Silver and Gold in the Americas. Aldershot: Variorum, Ashgate Publishing Limited. m/s. 7. ISBN 9780860785132.
  14. ↑ Levtzion 1963, halaman 347.
  15. ↑ Goodwin 1957, halaman 110.
  16. ↑ de Graft-Johnson, John Coleman, "Mūsā I of Mali" Diarkibkan 2017-04-21 di Wayback Machine, Encyclopædia Britannica, 15 November 2017.
  17. ↑ Bell 1972, halaman 224
  18. ↑ Bell, Nawal Morcos (1972). "The Age of Mansa Musa of Mali: Problems in Succession and Chronology". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 5 (2): 221–234. doi:10.2307/217515. ISSN 0361-7882. JSTOR 217515. The author of Tatrikh al-fattash has Mansa Musa build a new mosque every Friday on his way to Egypt
  19. ↑ Djomhoué, Priscille (2006). Un monde à découvrir : l'exégèse du Nouveau Testament : historique et nouvelles orientations (dalam bahasa Perancis). Jean Koulagna. m/s. 101. ISBN 978-9956-0-9061-7.
  20. 1 2 Windsor, Rudolph R. (2011). From Babylon to Timbuktu: A History of Ancient Black Races Including the Black Hebrews (ed. Windsor's golden series). AuthorHouse. halaman 95–98. ISBN 978-1463411299. Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2017-02-16. Dicapai pada 2017-09-05.
  21. ↑ De Villiers and Hirtle, p. 74.
  22. ↑ See: Said Hamdun & Noël King (edds.), Ibn Battuta in Black Africa. London, 1975, pp. 52–53.
  23. ↑ "Lessons from Timbuktu: What Mali's Manuscripts Teach About Peace | World Policy Institute". Worldpolicy.org. Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 29 Oktober 2013. Dicapai pada 24 Oktober 2013.
  24. ↑ Levtzion 1963, halaman 349–350.
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